1–3 Thereafter, SARS-CoV-2 initiates neutrophil and mucus-mediated inflammatory pathways. Numerous studies conclude that the recent coronavirus infection causes an allergic reaction in respiratory tract mucosa, which activates mucin secretion and modulates its chemical structure to enable the virus to enter the cells. Large amounts of the SARS-CoV-2 virus have been reported in sputum and nasal specimens, which account for the transmission through respiratory droplets. Transmission of COVID-19 appears to occur primarily through dispersal of droplets generated from the respiratory tract when an infected person talks, coughs, or sneezes. It can be particularly severe and even lethal in COVID-19 due to the formation of mucus plugs. Nasal blockage or respiratory congestion is among the most common symptoms experienced in primary care as well as tertiary care. Keywords: COVID-19, cytokine storm, mucus, coronavirus, viral infection These may be explored for the discovery and design of drugs to combat cytokine storm and its ensuing complications.

Based on these cascades, the active constituents that inhibit or activate several potential targets are outlined for further research.

This article summarizes the current understanding and knowledge of respiratory mucus production and proposes the role of cytokine storm in inducing sudden mucus hypersecretion in COVID-19. Build-up of mucus can also contribute to recurrent airway infection, causing further obstruction. Excessive inflammation in conditions such as COVID-19 can result in over-production of mucus which obstructs the airway. It protects the respiratory tract by acting as a physical barrier against inhaled particles and microbes. Mohsin Ali Khan, 1 Zaw Ali Khan, 1 Mark Charles, 2 Pushpendra Pratap, 2 Abdul Naeem, 2 Zainab Siddiqui, 3 Nigar Naqvi, 4 Shikha Srivastava 4ġReseach & Development Department, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India 2Metabolic Research Unit, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India 3Department of Pathology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India 4Department of Nutrition, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaĬorrespondence: Zaw Ali Khan Era’s Lucknow Medical College & HospitalĮra University, Hardoi Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001, IndiaĪbstract: Mucus is an integral part of the respiratory physiology.

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